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搭建Fluter Android Studio开发环境

  • Flutter
  • 2021-10-03
  • 926人已阅读
摘要

搭建Fluter Android Studio开发环境

Flutter开发手册查看

安装Flutter插件后不显示Flutter向导

如何打包APK

//如果 pub get总是下载失败的话，可以使用国内的镜像

//设置环境变量:PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn

命令行

flutter pub get

flutter packages get

特别注意项目的配置文件:pubspec.yaml 格式严格遵循否则编译报错

AndroidStudio安装Flutter的爬坑之路

PUB_HOSTED_URL  对应    https://pub.flutter-io.cn

FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL   对应    https://storage.flutter-io.cn


这两个镜像已经不能使用改为

FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter

PUB_HOSTED_URL  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub


Android Studio取消HTTP Proxy无效处理

Android Studio之前设置了HTTP Proxy，但是在修改设置为No Proxy之后，HTTP 代理依然存在，原因在于AS生成的配置文件gradle.properties文件中依然存在代理设置，需要手动删除。

删除路径：C盘-用户-用户名-打开.gradle文件-删除后面的代理设置



如果要生成编译后的版本，执行flutter build web，在build\web目录下会生成html文件和js脚本。这时候直接运行是不行的，file:///...是不能识别的，要在正式域名下才能正常显示，和Vue下打包的生产版本是一个道理。

正常运行的代码下载 打开代理编译

设置dark-sdk

1.png

正常的文件

app下的build.gradle

localProperties = Properties()
localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file()
(localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
    localPropertiesFile.withReader() { reader ->
        localProperties.load(reader)
    }
}

flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty()
(flutterRoot == ) {
    GradleException()
}

flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty()
(flutterVersionCode == ) {
    flutterVersionCode = }

flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty()
(flutterVersionName == ) {
    flutterVersionName = }

apply : apply : apply : $flutterRootandroid {
    compileSdkVersion compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = }

    sourceSets {
        main.java.srcDirs += }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId minSdkVersion targetSdkVersion versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
        versionName flutterVersionName
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
        }
    }
}

flutter {
    source }

dependencies {
    implementation $kotlin_version}

android下的build.gradle

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = repositories {

        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        google()
        mavenCentral()

    }

    dependencies {
        classpath classpath $kotlin_version}
}

allprojects {
    repositories {

        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        maven { url }
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

rootProject.buildDir = subprojects {
    project.buildDir = ${rootProject.buildDir}${project.name}project.evaluationDependsOn()
}

task clean(: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}


#Fri Jun 23 08:50:38 CEST 2017
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-5.4.1-all.zip


添加第三方dart插件
修改pubspec.yaml文件

name: flutter_app
description: A new Flutter application.

# The following line prevents the package from being accidentally published to
# pub.dev using `flutter pub publish`. This is preferred for private packages.
publish_to: 'none' # Remove this line if you wish to publish to pub.dev

# The following defines the version and build number for your application.
# A version number is three numbers separated by dots, like 1.2.43
# followed by an optional build number separated by a +.
# Both the version and the builder number may be overridden in flutter
# build by specifying --build-name and --build-number, respectively.
# In Android, build-name is used as versionName while build-number used as versionCode.
# Read more about Android versioning at https://developer.android.com/studio/publish/versioning
# In iOS, build-name is used as CFBundleShortVersionString while build-number used as CFBundleVersion.
# Read more about iOS versioning at
# https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CoreFoundationKeys.html
version: 1.0.0+1

environment:
 sdk: ">=2.12.0 <3.0.0"

# Dependencies specify other packages that your package needs in order to work.
# To automatically upgrade your package dependencies to the latest versions
# consider running `flutter pub upgrade --major-versions`. Alternatively,
# dependencies can be manually updated by changing the version numbers below to
# the latest version available on pub.dev. To see which dependencies have newer
# versions available, run `flutter pub outdated`.
dependencies:
 flutter:
   sdk: flutter



 # The following adds the Cupertino Icons font to your application.
 # Use with the CupertinoIcons class for iOS style icons.
 cupertino_icons: ^1.0.2
 english_words: ^3.0.1
 dio: ^3.0.0

dev_dependencies:
 flutter_test:
   sdk: flutter


 # The "flutter_lints" package below contains a set of recommended lints to
 # encourage good coding practices. The lint set provided by the package is
 # activated in the `analysis_options.yaml` file located at the root of your
 # package. See that file for information about deactivating specific lint
 # rules and activating additional ones.
 flutter_lints: ^1.0.0
#english_words: ^3.0.1
 #dio: ^3.0.0

# For information on the generic Dart part of this file, see the
# following page: https://dart.dev/tools/pub/pubspec

# The following section is specific to Flutter.
flutter:

 # The following line ensures that the Material Icons font is
 # included with your application, so that you can use the icons in
 # the material Icons class.
 uses-material-design: true

 # To add assets to your application, add an assets section, like this:
 # assets:
 #   - images/a_dot_burr.jpeg
 #   - images/a_dot_ham.jpeg

 # An image asset can refer to one or more resolution-specific "variants", see
 # https://flutter.dev/assets-and-images/#resolution-aware.

 # For details regarding adding assets from package dependencies, see
 # https://flutter.dev/assets-and-images/#from-packages

 # To add custom fonts to your application, add a fonts section here,
 # in this "flutter" section. Each entry in this list should have a
 # "family" key with the font family name, and a "fonts" key with a
 # list giving the asset and other descriptors for the font. For
 # example:
 # fonts:
 #   - family: Schyler
 #     fonts:
 #       - asset: fonts/Schyler-Regular.ttf
 #       - asset: fonts/Schyler-Italic.ttf
 #         style: italic
 #   - family: Trajan Pro
 #     fonts:
 #       - asset: fonts/TrajanPro.ttf
 #       - asset: fonts/TrajanPro_Bold.ttf
 #         weight: 700
 #
 # For details regarding fonts from package dependencies,
 # see

https://flutter.dev/custom-fonts/#from-packages


安装Flutter插件后不显示Flutter向导

  1. 可能未启用Android APK support插件

  2. 你可能改了Android studio配置需要安装插件后手动再解压zip安装

    1.png


如何打包APK

创建一个用于上传的密钥库

在 macOS 或者 Linux 系统上，执行下面的代码：

keytool -genkey -v -keystore ~/upload-keystore.jks -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000 -alias upload

在 Windows 系统上，执行下述代码：

keytool -genkey -v -keystore %userprofile%\upload-keystore.jks -storetype JKS -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000 -alias upload

该命令将会把 upload-keystore.jks 文件储存在你的主文件夹中。如果你想要储存在其他地方，请通过指定 -keystore 传入参数。 注意，请保证这个文件的私有性，不要将它提交到公共的代码管理空间。


从 app 中引用密钥库

创建一个名为 [project]/android/key.properties 的文件，它包含了密钥库位置的定义：


content_copy

storePassword=<上一步骤中的密码>

keyPassword=<上一步骤中的密码>

keyAlias=upload

storeFile=<密钥库的位置，e.g. /Users/<用户名>/upload-keystore.jks>

 提示


（再次）请保证这个文件的私有性，不要将它提交到公共的代码管理空间。


在 gradle 中配置签名

在以 release 模式下构建你的应用时，修改 [project]/android/app/build.gradle 文件，以通过 gradle 配置你的上传密钥。


在 android 代码块之前将你 properties 文件的密钥库信息添加进去：

   def keystoreProperties = new Properties()

   def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')

   if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {

       keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))

   }


   android {

         ...

   }

将 key.properties 文件加载到 keystoreProperties 对象中。


找到 buildTypes 代码块：


   buildTypes {

       release {

           // TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.

           // Signing with the debug keys for now,

           // so `flutter run --release` works.

           signingConfig signingConfigs.debug

       }

   }

将其替换为我们的配置内容：


   signingConfigs {

       release {

           keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']

           keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']

           storeFile keystoreProperties['storeFile'] ? file(keystoreProperties['storeFile']) : null

           storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']

       }

   }

   buildTypes {

       release {

           signingConfig signingConfigs.release

       }

   }


修改工程下gradle.build的内容

1.png

buildscript {

    ext.kotlin_version = '1.3.50'

    repositories {


        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }

        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }

        maven { url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }

        //google()

        //mavenCentral()

    }


    dependencies {

        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.0'

        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"

    }

}


allprojects {

    repositories {

        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }

        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }

        maven { url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }

        //google()

        //mavenCentral()

    }

}

现在我们 app 的发布版本就会被自动签名了。

最后在项目目录执行flutter build apk


下一篇：IntelliJ IDEA开发Dart

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